CAR Questions 12-16

[michael edward badolato jr]

12

a) C.G. Jung's psychological types (1921) R.F.C. Hall translatiom published by Princeton University Press, early but highly regarded - written by a principle founder of modern Psychology - and from which can be atributed wide use of the terms introversion and extraversion - is an organization of 8 principle types according to dominance of the feeling, thinking, intuition, or sensation function in either the introverted or extraverted attitude.
b) Jung further refines the types by recognizing a function of secondary importance - for example introverted intuition (a perceptive function) if in the primary dominant position is paired to either introverted thinking or feeling as the secondary complementary judgement function - making a total of 16 types.
c) A psychological portrait emerges - cumulative image of typical characteristics - while individual features are effaced.
d) Occurring with randomly equal distribution and distinctness - Jung concluded the type phenomenon must have a genetic foundation.
e) Jung reported hypersensitivity of the sense organs only among the genetically determined introverted intuitives - strongly indicating a shared genetic basis of physiological and psychological features.
f) Jung referred to symptoms accompanying hypersensitivity as hypochondriacal - therefore MCS should be considered a psychiatric illness and modern scientific findings of the physiological mechanisms should be dismissed.

13
d) is consistent with heritability of respiratory symptoms related to perfume reported by Elberling 2009.
e)
f) Jung's introverted intuition is one of 8 principle types - prevalence of MCS has been estimated 3.1-6.3% doctor diagnosed and 11-16% self reported (Caress 2004, Kreutzer 1999) - a large minority.
g) Greater genetic sensitivity of a large population subset suggests vulnerability rather than a defect - not prepared for hazardous chemical exposure 100% of the time - the continuous ACA and other chemicals.
h) It is best to dismiss MCS as a poorly understood sickness behavior or genetic deletion in metabolizing enzymes - even though evidence indicates otherwise.

14
a) Emission plume modeling has been applied to power plants.
b) Effective stack height is the actual plus upward motion of pollution due to heat - a distinction relevant to tall smokestacks with high volume release but making little difference concerning vehicle and residential sources.
c) Several plume shapes are possible - principle are neutral coning and inversion limited mixing.
d) Neutral cone is achieved most afternoons - horizontal with the wind - approx equal projection of pollutants down and upward - atmosphere cooler with height - no restrictive ceiling. Inversion limited mixing occurs most evenings through midmorning - upward movement is flattened by warm air over cold at 600-1500 feet.
e) Effective stack height of tailpipe and residential chimney emission is a very short distance upward before horizontally projected - an immediate continuous ground level concentration.
f) Tailpipe and residential chimney emissions rise vertically due to heat with no downward movement - therefore ground level concentrations of the ACA are not significant.

15
a) MCS and oil refinery emissions - acute and masked symptomatology, immediate and delayed - most of the time within 30, somewhat frequently 30-70, and occasionally at 70-400 miles.
b) MCS city, metro, or community of woodstoves, acute and masked, immediate and delayed - most of the time within 30, often 30-70, and less frequently at 70-400 miles.
c) MCS and a single vehicle, acute and masked, immediate and delayed - at distances up to and beyond 5 miles downwind in a usual horizontal cone.

d) MCS - horizontal coning from source areas and each vehicle or chimney - continuous exposure to the ACA - acute and masked symptomatology, immediate and delayed - all the time ( ).
e) Oil refinery, residential, and vehicle emissions - smokestack, chimney, and tailpipe - rise due to heat - resulting in low ground level concentrations - therefore od not elicit symptoms among MCS people.

16
a) Indoor concentrations of ambient air pollutants - including the ACA - are significant in a closed house ( ).
b) Environmental filter chambers - chemical provocation tests unethical as a diagnostic tool - although MCS people usually react to incidental exposures in ways that can be observed and measured - it takes several days within before the influence of masking and delayed symptoms is removed.
c) Continuous ACA - acute and masked symptomatology, immediate and delayed - may confound attempts to associate symptoms with specific exposures or weigh their relative significance.
d) MCS people should demonstrate reproducibility of symptoms to specific exposures in affirming diagnosis - there are no significant confounding influences.