Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Etiology
Airway Genetics and Ambient Combustion Aerosol
Danish Notes on Kimata Study
Lens blood test can prove MCS
Treesha finally an. [Lens blood test can prove MCS and confirm that MCS is not an allergy-based syndrome.] Objective blood test can try MCS and confirms MCS is not an allergy-based syndrome. Our Toxic Times, October 2005, p. 13- - 14th
Minutes, translation and glossary v / cand. hort. Helle Rasmussen
An investigation of patients with multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is the first shown that blood plasma levels of substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide and nerve growth factor is increased in these patients. After exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were increased these plasma levels further in MCS patients. Also histamine levels in the blood was increased in MCS patients after exposure. These results suggest that the VOC exposure increases the neurogenic inflammation in MCS patients with concomitant increase of histamine-induced responses.
The study was led by the Japanese researcher Hajime Kimata, MD, PhD., From the Department of Allergy, Ujitakeda Hospital, Kyoto. [See summary elsewhere.] The study involved 25 MCS patients, 25 healthy subjects and 25 patients with atopic dermatitis (AEDS / asthma eczema). The control group with AEDS was chosen because plasma levels of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and nerve growth factor (NVGF) is elevated in these patients.
The experiment took place in a room that had just been painted. The paint made volatile organic compounds, and the smell in the room was uncomfortable. Subjects were divided into three groups, each with the same number of healthy individuals AEDS- and MCS patients. One group at a time were sent into the painted room to watch a video about the weather. The levels of volatile organic compounds in the room was measured.
Blood samples were taken from all the subjects just before and just after the exposure in order to measure plasma SP, VIP, NVGF and histamine. The initial plasma levels of SP, VIP, NVGF was significantly elevated in AEDS-patients, but they were even higher in MCS patients. This suggests that MCS patients have a persistent inflammation, ie an inflammation of the body.
The original histamine levels were usually found in MCS patients, whereas it was increased in AEDS patients. There was also made a prick test to house dust mite, pollen from Japanese cedar, histamine and a control solution. All AEDS patients responded with allergic hududslæet for dust mite and pollen, while healthy people and MCS patients did not.
After the 15-minute exposure was carried out medical checks every five minutes. All MCS patients complained of irritation to the eyes or nose, slight headache, nausea or dizziness. None of the healthy or AEDS patients felt uncomfortable.
The exposure to volatile organic compounds increased MCS patients' plasma levels of substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide and nerve growth factor significantly. Also histamine levels were increased in MCS patients from normal levels to significantly elevated levels, and originally from AEDS patients. In healthy subjects and in AEDS patients caused exposure no changes to their plasma levels.
After exposure showed priktesten in MCS patients an increased skin reaction to histamine, but not for dust mite and pollen. This indicates that the response to the exposure was histamine-based and non-allergen-based. There was no change in the skin reaction in healthy individuals or patients AEDS.
The experiment was repeated after 2 months in which the level of volatile organic compounds from the paint was very low. This time caused the low VOC values no significant increase in MCS patients the levels of SP, VIP, NVGF or histamine.
Sometimes there can be changes in plasma SP, VIP and NVGF because of physical or mental stress. These results indicate that the patients' MCS increase in the above-mentioned plasma parameters was due to high VOC values and do not stress responses.
The researchers also studied the effect of exposure to volatile organic compounds in 18 patients with somatoform, ie mentally caused diseases. This group was placed in the freshly painted room, and the same test procedures were followed. There was no increase in the plasma levels of SP, VIP, NVGF and histamine in the somatoform patients after VOC exposure. This is contrary to what happened in MCS patients.
The experimental results suggest that MCS patients suffering from a persistent nerve caused inflammation, neurogenic inflammation, exacerbated by exposure to volatile organic compounds. Histamine may also be involved in the immune response in MCS patients, since the exposure increased the skin reaction to histamine, but not on allergens. "This suggests that the VOC-induced immune responses are not associated with allergic reactions."
It has previously been shown that SP, VIP and NVGF trigger mast cell degranulation, i.e. solution of histamine grains with release of histamine. Therefore, one can imagine that the increase in MCS patients of both SP, VIP, NVGF and histamine are involved in the enhanced histamine response to the test dot. On the other hand, since as the SP, VIP, NVGF and histamine is produced by mast cells, can plasmaforøgelserne due to mast cell activation and degranulation. The opportunity is now being investigated.
The researcher H. Kimata after the experiment concludes: "These results indicate that plasma levels of substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide, nerve growth factor, and histamine will be good markers of multiple chemical sensitivity, and that they may be involved in the cause of the disease." They might also help to explain how the interaction between the nervous and immune system functions by MCS, as well as to find a treatment for the syndrome.
Scriptures:
Atopic dermatitis / AEDS:
Asthma eczema, atopic dermatitis. Hereditary eczema disease with increased serum IgE and type I allergies.
Blood plasma:
The portion of whole blood that remains when one has filtered blood cells from. It is a light yellow liquid, which consists of 90% water and 10% solids.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs (volatile organic compounds, VOCs):
Chemicals that are easily evaporate at room temperature. The word organic means that the compound contains carbon.
Histamine:
An amino compound involved in local immune responses. It regulates, among other physiological functions of the intestine. Most vævshistamin exist in the form of granules (granules) inside the mast cells. Mast cells are numerous in places where there is a risk of damage, nose, mouth, feet, gut and blood vessels. Non-mast cell histamine is found in the brain, where it acts as a neurotransmitter (neurotransmitter).
Nerve growth factor (NVGF):
One of the key molecules in the nervous system. It controls not only the development of the fetal nervous system, but also nerve impulses and maintenance of nerve tissue in the adult.
Neurogenic inflammation:
Inflammation, which is formed by the nervous system.
Prick Test:
An important tool that is primarily used to detect the type I allergy (immediate response). Droplets with a sensitizing substances (allergens) is placed on the forearm, and a small dot ensures contact with the top of the skin. At a hypersensitivity reaction formed swollen, itchy parties around the test site.
Substance P (SP):
A neurotransmitter (neurotransmitter) that transmit pain impulses from the outer feel receptors to the central nervous system. Increase in substance P include found in samples of spinal fluid of fibromyalgia patients.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP):
A neuropeptide that is secreted from the intestinal mucosa, but also exist widely in the central nervous system. It has many biological functions, for example. cardiac / vascular system, gastro / intestinal system and respiratory system. It also has a neuroprotective function.
Contact Address: Hajime Kimata, MD, PhD., Department of Allergy, Ujitakeda Hospital, Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. His email: kimata@misugikai.jp.
Treesha finally an. [Lens blood test can prove MCS and confirm that MCS is not an allergy-based syndrome.] Objective blood test can try MCS and confirms MCS is not an allergy-based syndrome. Our Toxic Times, October 2005, p. 13- - 14th
Minutes, translation and glossary v / cand. hort. Helle Rasmussen
An investigation of patients with multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is the first shown that blood plasma levels of substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide and nerve growth factor is increased in these patients. After exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were increased these plasma levels further in MCS patients. Also histamine levels in the blood was increased in MCS patients after exposure. These results suggest that the VOC exposure increases the neurogenic inflammation in MCS patients with concomitant increase of histamine-induced responses.
The study was led by the Japanese researcher Hajime Kimata, MD, PhD., From the Department of Allergy, Ujitakeda Hospital, Kyoto. [See summary elsewhere.] The study involved 25 MCS patients, 25 healthy subjects and 25 patients with atopic dermatitis (AEDS / asthma eczema). The control group with AEDS was chosen because plasma levels of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and nerve growth factor (NVGF) is elevated in these patients.
The experiment took place in a room that had just been painted. The paint made volatile organic compounds, and the smell in the room was uncomfortable. Subjects were divided into three groups, each with the same number of healthy individuals AEDS- and MCS patients. One group at a time were sent into the painted room to watch a video about the weather. The levels of volatile organic compounds in the room was measured.
Blood samples were taken from all the subjects just before and just after the exposure in order to measure plasma SP, VIP, NVGF and histamine. The initial plasma levels of SP, VIP, NVGF was significantly elevated in AEDS-patients, but they were even higher in MCS patients. This suggests that MCS patients have a persistent inflammation, ie an inflammation of the body.
The original histamine levels were usually found in MCS patients, whereas it was increased in AEDS patients. There was also made a prick test to house dust mite, pollen from Japanese cedar, histamine and a control solution. All AEDS patients responded with allergic hududslæet for dust mite and pollen, while healthy people and MCS patients did not.
After the 15-minute exposure was carried out medical checks every five minutes. All MCS patients complained of irritation to the eyes or nose, slight headache, nausea or dizziness. None of the healthy or AEDS patients felt uncomfortable.
The exposure to volatile organic compounds increased MCS patients' plasma levels of substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide and nerve growth factor significantly. Also histamine levels were increased in MCS patients from normal levels to significantly elevated levels, and originally from AEDS patients. In healthy subjects and in AEDS patients caused exposure no changes to their plasma levels.
After exposure showed priktesten in MCS patients an increased skin reaction to histamine, but not for dust mite and pollen. This indicates that the response to the exposure was histamine-based and non-allergen-based. There was no change in the skin reaction in healthy individuals or patients AEDS.
The experiment was repeated after 2 months in which the level of volatile organic compounds from the paint was very low. This time caused the low VOC values no significant increase in MCS patients the levels of SP, VIP, NVGF or histamine.
Sometimes there can be changes in plasma SP, VIP and NVGF because of physical or mental stress. These results indicate that the patients' MCS increase in the above-mentioned plasma parameters was due to high VOC values and do not stress responses.
The researchers also studied the effect of exposure to volatile organic compounds in 18 patients with somatoform, ie mentally caused diseases. This group was placed in the freshly painted room, and the same test procedures were followed. There was no increase in the plasma levels of SP, VIP, NVGF and histamine in the somatoform patients after VOC exposure. This is contrary to what happened in MCS patients.
The experimental results suggest that MCS patients suffering from a persistent nerve caused inflammation, neurogenic inflammation, exacerbated by exposure to volatile organic compounds. Histamine may also be involved in the immune response in MCS patients, since the exposure increased the skin reaction to histamine, but not on allergens. "This suggests that the VOC-induced immune responses are not associated with allergic reactions."
It has previously been shown that SP, VIP and NVGF trigger mast cell degranulation, i.e. solution of histamine grains with release of histamine. Therefore, one can imagine that the increase in MCS patients of both SP, VIP, NVGF and histamine are involved in the enhanced histamine response to the test dot. On the other hand, since as the SP, VIP, NVGF and histamine is produced by mast cells, can plasmaforøgelserne due to mast cell activation and degranulation. The opportunity is now being investigated.
The researcher H. Kimata after the experiment concludes: "These results indicate that plasma levels of substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide, nerve growth factor, and histamine will be good markers of multiple chemical sensitivity, and that they may be involved in the cause of the disease." They might also help to explain how the interaction between the nervous and immune system functions by MCS, as well as to find a treatment for the syndrome.
Scriptures:
Atopic dermatitis / AEDS:
Asthma eczema, atopic dermatitis. Hereditary eczema disease with increased serum IgE and type I allergies.
Blood plasma:
The portion of whole blood that remains when one has filtered blood cells from. It is a light yellow liquid, which consists of 90% water and 10% solids.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs (volatile organic compounds, VOCs):
Chemicals that are easily evaporate at room temperature. The word organic means that the compound contains carbon.
Histamine:
An amino compound involved in local immune responses. It regulates, among other physiological functions of the intestine. Most vævshistamin exist in the form of granules (granules) inside the mast cells. Mast cells are numerous in places where there is a risk of damage, nose, mouth, feet, gut and blood vessels. Non-mast cell histamine is found in the brain, where it acts as a neurotransmitter (neurotransmitter).
Nerve growth factor (NVGF):
One of the key molecules in the nervous system. It controls not only the development of the fetal nervous system, but also nerve impulses and maintenance of nerve tissue in the adult.
Neurogenic inflammation:
Inflammation, which is formed by the nervous system.
Prick Test:
An important tool that is primarily used to detect the type I allergy (immediate response). Droplets with a sensitizing substances (allergens) is placed on the forearm, and a small dot ensures contact with the top of the skin. At a hypersensitivity reaction formed swollen, itchy parties around the test site.
Substance P (SP):
A neurotransmitter (neurotransmitter) that transmit pain impulses from the outer feel receptors to the central nervous system. Increase in substance P include found in samples of spinal fluid of fibromyalgia patients.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP):
A neuropeptide that is secreted from the intestinal mucosa, but also exist widely in the central nervous system. It has many biological functions, for example. cardiac / vascular system, gastro / intestinal system and respiratory system. It also has a neuroprotective function.
Contact Address: Hajime Kimata, MD, PhD., Department of Allergy, Ujitakeda Hospital, Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. His email: kimata@misugikai.jp.
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