MCS aa

[michael edward badolato jr]

he airway epithelium and its sensory innervation become altered to a proinflammatory condition

Deering-Rice 2011, Hazari 2011, Li 2011, Taylor-Clark 2010,  Baulig 2009, 2003a,  Calderon-Garciduenas 2008, 2000, Veronesi 2003, 2002a, 2002b, 2001, 2000, 1999a, 1999b, Agopyan 2003, Bonvallot 2001, 2000, Gerde 2001, 1997, Oortgiesen 2000, Roy 2000, Miyabara 1998,1998a, Steerenberg 1998, Meggs 1997

usually by exposure to a continuous combustion byproduct aerosol - diesel and other exhaust, woodsmoke, and tobacco smoke

OSHA 2012, Block 2009, Pakkanen 2003, Schauer 2002, 2001, 1999, US DOT FHA 2000, Society of Automotive Engineers SAE 940233 1994

- including particle agglomerates with adsorbed hydrocarbons and singlet nonagglomerated nanoparticles

(Lucchini 2012, Mohankumar 2008,  Inoue 2005, Kittelson 1998, Cadle 1999, Kleeman 1999)  

Fine particles expected to reach the CNS via trigeminal and olfactory nerve pathways

MCS 11, Calderon-Garciduenas 2010, Genter 2009, Matsui 2009, Elder 2006, Lewis 2005

Clean Diesel: Public Health Nightmare

OSHA: Chemicals in diesel exhaust. 

Carbon Dioxide Carbon Monoxide Nitrogen Dioxide NitricOxide Particulates Sulfur Dioxide Acrolein o-Anisaldehyde Benzene 2,3-Benzofuran Coumarin Formaldehyde 4-Hydroxycoumarin m-Hydroxyacetophenone 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone Menadione 6-Methoxytetralone 3-Methylcoumarin 3-Methyl-2cyclopentane-2-ol-one Trimethylbenzene Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons including acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene.benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[ghi]perylene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[e]pyrene, crysene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene

Organic compounds in diesel exhaust.

SCHAUER J. ET AL. MEASUREMENT OF EMISSIONS FROM AIR POLLUTION SOURCES 2. C1 THROUGH C30 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM MEDIUM DUTY DIESEL TRUCKS. ENV SC TECH 33:1578-87 1999:

23 n-Alkanes including n-butane, n-pentane, n-heptane 22 Branched Alkenes

including isopentane 9 n-Alkenes including ethene, propene 2 Branched  Alkenes 1 Diolefin: 1,3 butadiene 1 Alkyne: ethyne 19 Saturated Cycloalkanes

including cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane

1 Unsaturated Cycloalkene

38 Aromatic Hydrocarbons

including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m- and p-xylene, n-propylbenzene, p-ethyltoluene, m-ethyltoluene, 1,3,5,-trimethylbenzene,1,2,4,-trimethylbenzene, naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, C2-naphthalenes, C3-naphthalenes, C4-naphthalenes 2 Tricyclic terpenes 1 Diasterane 4 Hopanes 4 Steranes 12 Aliphatic Aldehydes including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal 3 Olefinic Aldehydes 2 Aliphatic Ketones including acetone, butanone 3 Aromatic Aldehydes including benzaldehyde, acetophenone, 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde 3 Docarbonyls 11 n-Alkanoic Acids 2 Alkenedioic Acids 2 Aromatic Acids 4 Other Compounds 1 Unresolved Complex Mixture

 

Organic compounds in woodsmoke.

SCHAUER J. ET AL. MEASUREMENT OF EMISSIONS FROM AIR POLLUTION SOURCES. 3. C1-C29 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM FIREPLACE COMBUSTION OF WOOD. ENV SC TECH 35:1716-28 2001:

18 n-Alkanes including methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, n-heptane 3 Branched Alkanes 9 n-Alkenes including ethene, propene 5 Branched Alkenes 1 Alkyne: ethyne (acetylene) 2 Diolefins includng 1,3-butadiene 1 Cycloalkane 1 Cycloalkene 41 Aromatic Hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, naphthalene, phenanthrene 9 Phenols and Substituted Phenols including phenol, o-cresol, m-and p-cresol, dimethylphenols, o-benzenediol 11 Guaiacol and Substituted Guaiacols 3 Syringol and Substituted Syringols 7 Aliphatic Aldehydes including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, hexanal, heptanal 2 Aliphatic Ketones including acetone, butanone 3 olefinic Aldehydes including acrolein, crotonaldehyde, methacrolein 4 Aromatic Carbonyls 4 Dicarbonyls 12 n-Alkanoic Acids 2 n-Alkenoic Acids 9 Resin Acids 2 Sugars 4 PAH Ketones 5 Other Compounds

Organic compounds in gasoline exhaust.

SCHAUER J. ET AL. MEASUREMENT OF EMISSIONS FROM AIR POLLUTION SOURCES. 5. C1-C32 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM GASOLINE-POWERED MOTOR VEHICLES. ENV SC TECH 36:1169-80 2002:

6 Branched Alkenes including isobutene 1 Alkyne: ethyene 10 Saturated Cycloalkanes including methylcyclopentane 1 Unsaturated Cycloalkene 48 Aromatic Hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m- and p-xylene, p-ethyltoluene, m-ethyltoluene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 1 methylnaphthalene 2 Tricyclic Terpanes 3 Hopanes 2 Ethers including MTBE, ETBE 12 Aliphatic Aldehydes including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal 3 Olefinic Aldehydes including crotonaldehyde, acrolein, methacrolein 2 Aliphatic Ketones including acetone, butanone 1 Aromatic Aldehyde: benzaldehyde 4 Aromatic Ketones 3 Dicarbonyls 6 n-Alkanoic Acids 2 Alkanedioic Acids 2 Aromatic acids 3 Other Compounds

Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Volume 1

MCS Etiology: Organic compounds in diesel exhaust. 23 n-Alkanes including n-butane, n-pentane, n-heptane 23 n-Alkanes including n-butane, n-pentane, n-heptane 22 Branched Alkenes

2015 South Pole CAR Test (SPC) including isopentane 9 n-Alkenes including ethene, propene 2 Branched  Alkenes 1 Diolefin: 1,3 butadiene 1 Alkyne: ethyne 19 Saturated Cycloalkanesincluding cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane1 Unsaturated Cycloalkene38 Aromatic Hydrocarbonsincluding benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m- and p-xylene, n-propylbenzene, p-ethyltoluene, m-ethyltoluene, 1,3,5,-trimethylbenzene,1,2,4,-trimethylbenzene, naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, C2-naphthalenes, C3-naphthalenes, C4-naphthalenes 2 Tricyclic terpenes 1 Diasterane 4 Hopanes 4 Steranes 12 Aliphatic Aldehydes including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal 3 Olefinic Aldehydes 2 Aliphatic Ketones including acetone, butanone

Michael Edward Badolato Jr. 3 Aromatic Aldehydes including benzaldehyde, acetophenone, 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde 3 Docarbonyls 11 n-Alkanoic Acids 2 Alkenedioic Acids 2 Aromatic Acids 4 Other Compounds 1 Unresolved Complex Mixture Schauer J. et al. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources 2. C1 through 30 organic compounds from medium duty diesel trucks. Env Sc Tech 33:1578-87 1999

Airway Genetics and Ambient Combustion Aerosol

Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Volume 2

MCS Etiology: Organic compounds in woodsmoke. 18 n-Alkanes including methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, n-heptane 3 Branched Alkanes 9 n-Alkenes including ethene, propene 

CAR Documentation 5 Branched Alkenes 18 n-Alkanes including methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, n-heptane 3 Branched Alkanes 9 n-Alkenes including ethene, propene 5 Branched Alkenes 1 Alkyne: ethyne (acetylene) 2 Diolefins includng 1,3-butadiene 1 Cycloalkane 1 Cycloalkene 41 Aromatic Hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, naphthalene, phenanthrene 9 Phenols and Substituted Phenols including phenol, o-cresol, m-and p-cresol, dimethylphenols, o-benzenediol 11 Guaiacol and Substituted Guaiacols 3 Syringol and Substituted Syringols 7 Aliphatic Aldehydes including

Michael Edward badolato Jr. formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, hexanal, heptanal 2 Aliphatic Ketones including acetone, butanone 3 olefinic Aldehydes including acrolein, crotonaldehyde, methacrolein 4 Aromatic Carbonyls 4 Dicarbonyls 12 n-Alkanoic Acids 2 n-Alkenoic Acids 9 Resin Acids 2 Sugars 4 PAH Ketones 5 Other Compounds Schauer J. et al . Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources3. C1-C29 organic compounds from fireplace combustion of wood. Env Sc Tech 35:1716-28 2001

Airway Genetics and Ambient Combustion Aerosol

Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Volume 3

MCS Etiology: Organic compounds in gasoline exhaust. 6 Branched Alkenes including isobutene 1 Alkyne: ethyene 10 Saturated Cycloalkanes including methylcyclopentane

Management 1 Unsaturated Cycloalkene 48 Aromatic Hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m- and p-xylene, p-ethyltoluene, m-ethyltoluene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 1 methylnaphthalene 2 Tricyclic Terpanes 3 Hopanes 2 Ethers including MTBE, ETBE 12 Aliphatic Aldehydes including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal 3 Olefinic Aldehydes including crotonaldehyde, acrolein, methacrolein 2 Aliphatic Ketones including acetone, butanone

Michael Edward badolato Jr. 1 Aromatic Aldehyde: benzaldehyde 4 Aromatic Ketones 3 Dicarbonyls 6 n-Alkanoic Acids 2 Alkanedioic Acids 2 Aromatic acids 3 Other Compounds Schauer J. et al. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources 5. C1-C32 organic compounds from gasoline-powered motor vehicles. Env Sc Tech 36:1169-80 2002

Airway Genetics and Ambient Combustion Aerosol