Airway Genetics and Ambient Combustion Aerosol

SPC 17 Calderon-Garciduenas: Airway to Systemic

SPC 17 Calderon-Garciduenas: Airway to Systemic

Links: 35 CAR Test SPC Questions
CAR Warm Up
SPC 1 Introduction: South Pole CAR (SPC) - A Character Test
SPC 2 South Pole CAR: ACA PM, Band Cell, and Monocyte Drop
SPC 3 ACA PM and ME/CFS: Do We Hear An Echo?
SPC 4 ACA UFPM: In the RBC - Through the BBB
SPC 5 ACA UFPM: IL-1 beta, RBC, BBB, - MCS and ME/CFS
SPC 6 ACA UFPM: Nerve Penetration
SPC 7 ACA UFPM: Olfactory, BBB, AD, PD, MCS, and ME/CFS
SPC 8 ACA PM: Gastro-Inflammation, Immunity, Vagal Circuitry
SPC 9 Veronesi: Sensory Nerve Insight
SPC 10 Kimata: Histamine Warning - Return to Masking
SPC 11 Central Sensitization: Intense, Repeated, and Sustained Inputs

On CAR
SPC 12 Disease Conditions Begin: Airway Epithelial Injury
SPC 13 Exposed Sensory Nerves - TRPA1
SPC 14 Exposed TRPA1: Central Sensitization
SPC 15 ACA: Loud and Clear
SPC 16 Airway Cytokine Release: Principle Mediator of Systemic Inflammation
SPC 17 Calderon-Garciduenas: Airway to Systemic: Putting It Together
SPC 18 Airway Gaps - Exposed Nerves - UFPM to the CNS
SPC 19 ACA PM: Months and Years Residence Time
SPC 20 Airway Gaps: Reduced Detox Enzyme Intervention
SPC 21 Solvents and Pesticides Primary: Shoe Fits Glove?
SPC 22 Veronesi and Roy: Genetic Difference in Airway Sensitivity

SPC 23 Jung Was Right Sort Of
SPC 24 Veronesi and Jung: A Perfect Match
SPC 25 Tailpipe and Chimney Emissions: Horizontal Coning
SPC 26 How Far Symptoms Travel: 25 Years, 500 Locations, 22 States
SPC 27 Not Into That Kind of Entertaining
SPC 28 Does it Cost More Than Money?
SPC 29 Airway to Systemic: Dysfunction of Detox Enzymes - Terlecky
SPC 30 Airway to systemic: Dysfunction of Detox Enzymes - Khatsenko
SPC 31 Gerde and Stadler: Benzo[a]pyrene Forever?
SPC 32 Phase I and II Detox Enzymes Defined

Lifestyle Change
SPC 33 ACA Catastrophic Consequences
SPC 34 Impossibly Good City Design
SPC 35 South Pole CAR Test: Satisfaction Guarantee

MCS 3 Definition and Concensus Criteria

MCS 3a Criteria Amendment Research Points (CAR)

MCS 3aa Etiology: Concensus Author CAR Test (SPC)

MCS 3b CAR References

SPC 17 Calderon-Garciduenas: Airway to Systemic

Please choose the Incorrect Statement

SPC 17a)

DANTOFT 2014:

"...plasma levels of IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6 were found to be statistically significantly increased in MCS, TNF alpha was borderline enhanced, whereas IL-13 was downregulated...

...The variations in cytokine levels identified in the MCS group could be indicative of elevated immune activation or a chronic inflammatory stage mediated by increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta. Il-6, and TNF alpha...

... this is further supported by the increased IL-2 levels. IL-2 is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes, playing a key role in expansion of T-cell, NK cell, and B cell populations, including regulatory cells, during various phases of an immune response (Boyman and Sprent 2012)...

...IL-12p70 and IL-8/CXCL8 are often increased together with IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF alpha as mediators of the acute phase response to an infection. However, in contrast to IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF alpha which mediate both local and systemic effects, the effector functions of IL-8/CXCL8 and IL-12p70 are more isolated to specific tissue areas affected by inflammation (Parham 2009). Increased levels of IL-8/CXCL8 are therefore less likely to be measured in blood...

...It is...possible that the increased plasma IL-4 levels in MCS individuals could be derived from tissue-located IL-4 producing cells, such as eosinophils or mast cells, which may infiltrate exposed tissue types, e.g. lungs or nasal lamina propria, during a chemical exposure...

...It has been reported that IL-13 changes the mucosal epithelium from being an absorptive barrier to a mucus secreting one (Danahay 2002), thus tipping the balance toward increased absorption at low IL-13 levels. IL-13 is also involved in suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production from macrophages within inflamed tissue (Minty 1993) as well as in inhibition of Th1 propagation in lymph nodes and promotion of B-cell activation (Punnonen 1993). The decreased systemic levels of IL-13 may therefore be an indicator of diminished barrier protection, if the reduced IL-13 levels implicate reduced mucus production at mucosal surfaces, and also of reduced inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production within tissues..."

SPC 17b)

CALDERON-GARCIDUENAS 2000:

"...a persistent ongoing airway inflammatory process the result of exposure to air pollutants in a sequential and chronic manner...the imbalance and dysregulation of cytokines and their ample systemic effects..." Found elevated in MCS patients (Dantoft 2014)

SPC 17c)

CALDERON-GARCIDUENAS 2008:

"...sustained exposures to significant levels of air pollutants including UFPM (ultrafine particulate matter) , PM2.5 (less than 2.5 microns), and PM-LPS produce brain neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration through at least four pathways:

1 Induction of upper respiratory, lung epithelial, and endothelial injury leading to persistent chronic inflammation in the respiratory tract and systemic inflammation. The systemic inflammation is accompanied by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF alpha, IL 6 and IL-1beta... Found elevated in MCS patients (Dantoft 2014)...these cytokines can activate endothelial cells in the BBB, disrupt the BBB...and trigger cascades...results in increased expression of nitric oxide synthase...and nitric oxide production that opens the BBB..."

2 We strongly support the importance of the olfactory pathway...since olfactory neurons are loaded with PM...will potentially translate into an abnormality in the limbic system...(Bedard 2004)...

3 The vagus/trigeminal (Lewis 2005) pathways are also crucial, given that PM enters the respiratory and digestive systems...

4 Direct access of UFPM to the brain, further accentuating an inflammatory response in the brain parenchyma...

SPC 17d)

ACA CO2 - climate change, ocean warming, receding ice, acidity rising, reduced generation of shells and reefs, threatening mass extinction - doesn't slow us down - and neither should expert evidence - we like our cars. MCS is a dubious diagnosis - a poorly understood sickness behavior or form of depression.

Lifestyle Change
SPC 33 ACA Catastrophic Consequences
SPC 34 Impossibly Good City Design
SPC 35 South Pole CAR Test: Satisfaction Guarantee

MCS 3 Definition and Concensus Criteria

MCS 3a Criteria Amendment Research Points (CAR)

MCS 3aa Etiology: Concensus Author CAR Test (SPC)

MCS 3b CAR References

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SPC 17 Calderon-Garciduenas: Airway to Systemic

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